Egypt
Living, work, immigration, education & business — official links and practical guides
Key Facts
Basics
Currency
EGP
Region
North Africa
Local time
UTC+3
Africa/Cairo
Economy
Population
116.54M
GDP (current US$)
$389.06B
GDP per capita
$3,338
Source: World Bank Open Data (CC BY 4.0) · 2024 · Last checked: 2026-07-06
Tax snapshot
Corporate tax
22.5%
VAT
14%
Top individual income tax
27.5%
Capital-gains tax
Varies
- Capital gains carry no single rate — 0%, 10% or 27.5% applies depending on the asset, so one percentage would misstate the others.
Source: National tax authority · Cross-check: OECD · PwC · KPMG · Last checked: 2026-07-16
Headline statutory rates. The income-tax figure includes national surtaxes; any regional or municipal layer is shown beside it. Social contributions and reliefs are excluded. Verify the current rate with the authority before relying on it.
At a glance
A very large domestic market with low local costs and a manufacturing and logistics push around the Suez corridor — where the practical constraint is usually currency access rather than immigration rules.
Best for
Employees of foreign-invested companies, manufacturers and logistics operators, and organisations with a regional presence.
Who this may not suit
People who need currency stability or straightforward banking — devaluations have repeatedly reset savings and salaries, and moving money can be restricted.
Main routes in
Employer work permit Filed by the employer with the labour ministry, with a quota of foreign staff per company. Investor route Company formation through the investment authority supports residence for owners. Study route Institution-sponsored student residence, including Arabic-language study.
Key trade-offs
- Foreign-currency access and exchange-rate movements affect salaries, transfers and repatriating profit more than most people plan for.
- Administrative processes are paper-heavy and often require an in-country representative.
- Arabic is needed for daily life and most local employment outside multinational settings.
First steps
- 1 Have the employer confirm it has headroom within its foreign-staff quota before you accept.
- 2 Legalise and translate degrees and police clearance before travelling.
- 3 Complete the residence registration after arrival; the work permit alone is not residence.
- 4 Agree in writing the currency your salary is paid in, and where.
What changes often
- · Work-permit quotas and foreign-to-local staff ratios
- · Currency controls and exchange-rate policy
- · Residency-by-investment and property-purchase rules
Foreign-staff quotas, currency rules and permit procedures change with economic conditions — confirm with the Ministry of Manpower and the General Authority for Investment (GAFI). General Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI) ↗
Major cities
All cities (5) →Living
Housing
Renting and buying property in Egypt — typical rents, deposits, contracts, and official tenancy rules.
Healthcare
How the Egypt healthcare system works — public vs private care, eligibility, and costs for residents and visitors.
Insurance
Insurance in Egypt — health, travel, and digital-nomad cover, what is mandatory, and how to choose a plan.
Work
Jobs
Where to find jobs in Egypt — major job boards, in-demand sectors, and how to apply.
Employers
Major employers hiring in Egypt, with links to their official careers pages.
Government Jobs
Public-sector and civil-service hiring in Egypt — the official government job portal.
Salaries
Typical salaries by role in Egypt — pay ranges, taxes, and cost-of-living context.
Immigration & Mobility
Work Visa
Work permit categories, eligibility, sponsorship, application steps, and processing times.
Startup Visa
Entrepreneur and startup visa programs, investment thresholds, and application criteria.
Student Visa
Student visa categories, eligibility, required documents, work rights, and application steps.
Tourist Visa
Tourist and visitor visa requirements, visa-free entry, duration, and application steps.
Permanent Residency
Permanent-residence routes: eligibility, required years of residence, and the official application steps — including any investment routes where a country offers them.
Citizenship
Naturalization rules: required residence years, language and civics requirements, and each country's dual-citizenship policy.
Employment & Labor
Hiring rules, employment contracts, payroll, social insurance, and EOR options.
Digital Nomad Visa
Remote-work visa programs, income requirements, duration, taxes, and application steps.
Education
Universities
Top universities in Egypt, admissions, tuition, and international-student support.
Online Courses
Online learning relevant to Egypt — accredited platforms, local MOOCs, and language courses.
Scholarships
Scholarships and financial aid for studying in Egypt — government, university, and international programs.
Study Abroad
How to study in Egypt as an international student — application steps, student visas, and living costs.
Business
Company Registration
Entity types, registration process, required documents, costs, and official registries.
Business Banking
Opening business and personal bank accounts, remote options, required documents, and fees.
Investment
Foreign investment rules, incentives, investment promotion agencies, and restricted sectors.
Tax System
Corporate tax, VAT/GST, personal income tax, capital gains, and filing obligations.
Import & Export
Customs procedures, duties, de minimis thresholds, EORI/registration, and restricted goods.
Trademark & IP
Trademark registration, patents, copyright, official IP offices, and filing costs.
Compliance
Corporate, tax, employment, data-protection, AML/KYC, trade and AI compliance — official regulators and registries.
Corporate Compliance
Annual filings, registered-agent and beneficial-ownership obligations, and the official company registry.
Tax Compliance
Filing calendars, registration thresholds and the official tax authority.
Employment Compliance
Mandatory contracts, payroll and social-insurance registration, and the official labor authority.
Privacy & Data Protection
The country's own data-protection regime, registration duties, and its official supervisory authority.
AML & KYC
Anti-money-laundering and customer-due-diligence obligations, regulated activities, and the official financial regulator.
Import & Export Compliance
Customs registration, controlled/restricted goods, sanctions screening, and the official customs authority.
AI Regulations
The country's own AI governance approach, risk tiers, transparency duties, and its official authority.